Bios 101 Demography Lab Report

Melissa Morales Bios 101 Spring 2013 Demography- Human invigoration History Introduction Demography is the weigh of human universe of discourses. It studies the coat, composition and distribution of a nation, and the process through which a population changes. Demography allows us to track changes over time and to depict how different periods in recital change population dynamics. Births, finiss, migration and emigration, jointly produced the change within a population (Biological Science). Demography is also a central comp atomic publication 53nt of accessible contexts and loving change.Patterns of survival vary dep remainder upon the environment. Age is also an important component for numerous populations because fertility and survivorship frequently vary with age. Humans are one species whose fecundity and survivorship are affected by age and the environment. One way that biologists take on to distinguish patterns in survivorship rates is to use a life tables. condu ct tables permit them to keep track of how long different parts of the population have lived. A life table can also be used to predict the probability of the survival of an individual at all(prenominal) given time interval (Biological Science).A cemetery is an excellent place to study human demography. Gravestones are marked with the date of birth and date of goal of a deceased person. From this information one can calculate demolition rates and draw survivorship curves for the population. A survivorship curve is a vivid representation of the chance that an individual will survive from birth to any age (Biological Science). By comparing and contrasting survivorship curves for different time periods, one may look for historical trends in demography over a period of time. MethodsIn this investigation, data was put in from a local cemetery. Information was record information from 50 headstones, where the individual was born between 1870 and 1930. The dates of birth and dates of d eath were recorded for each headstone. The headstones were randomly chosen from any area in the cemetery. Then the age at death was calculated for each of the 50 individuals. The data was then used to create a survivorship curve. Results Part 1 Fecundity Part 2 Mortality x D(x) S(x) l(x) 0 0 50 1. 0 1 5 45 0. 9 2 3 42 0. 84 3 7 35 0. 7 4 5 30 0. 6 4 26 0. 52 6 11 15 0. 3 7 7 8 0. 16 8 7 1 0. 02 9 1 0 0 x= age intervals of 10 years (1-10, 11-21etc. ending at age 98) D(x)= number of individuals dying at that age S(x)= number of individuals alive during that interval Discussion A survivorship graph shows, which age categories, are most likely to die, in that environment. The overall shape provides a discriminative stimulus about life history strategy (Type I, II, or III). This data was collected from a subset of human population and may have particular biases depending upon social class, religious traditions, and economic factors.We assumed that all the individuals had similar living situations. consort to the data, more individuals died between the ages of 55-65. Based on the demographic data from this lab, sevenfold conclusions may be drawn. Living conditions were probably far worse in the past. This causes death and birth rates to go down because of disease. Which causes the population size to decrease. There might have also been diseases affecting older people, which could condone why that range of ages had the most individuals dying at that age.