Chemistry Investigation to find the Empirical Formula of Magnesium Oxide Essay

During the experiment the crucible used was slightly damaged however did not continue to disassemble or cause any inconvenience to the probe. For approximately ten legal proceeding, no reaction was visible. The substance contained no odour. After approximately fifteen minutes the piece of milligram commenced to burn with an overall duration of twenty minutes. When burnt, the magnesium converted to bright orange colour. During the reaction the lid of the crucible was lifted to see any changes or if the magnesium had combusted, and whilst doing this white smoke fly the crucible which whitethorn perhaps be magnesium oxide. By the outcome of the reaction, it was noticed that not all of the magnesium was combusted and left some silver remnants.*Missing numbers are callable to incomplete number of trials by the groups and/or the results lacked in validityData ProcessingFrom the selective information collected from the reaction of magnesium (mg) with oxygen was used to calculate the trial-and-error constructione and to gain the uncertainties. The tables are arranged in a chronological order of the forge of information. With the process of data will produce the empirical formulae which will be used to compare with a theoretical value. A graph is include to assist in the comparison of the theoretical empirical formulae to the experimented empirical formulae in a visual format.Sample CalculationsTo acquire the data required to approximate the empirical formulae, the mass and moles of Mg, O and MgO were required to be calculated first. formerly that is finished, there would be enough information to then calculate the empirical formulae to then compare it to the theoretical value.Table 2 Sample reckoning when finding the mass and mole of the magnesium, oxygen and magnesium oxide (g), percentage question and empirical formulae.Conclusion and JustificationThe hypothesis of this investigation was that the mass of magnesium after combustion could be used to calculate the empirical formula of magnesium oxide and it has been established that the hypothesis is supported. Throughout the processing of data galore(postnominal) results were removed die to the lack of validity. Thus, the data collected provided in straight results. When delineate in Graph 1 the result did not was not identical to the theoretical ratio of 1 1. Nevertheless, when displayed in Table 6 the fairish ratio was 1 1 matching the theoretical of 1 1 which supports the hypothesis.Evaluation of DataIn Graph 1, it was noticed that there were umteen random errors with the experiment. Such as, the constant opening of the lid when checking for the combustion during the investigation would have caused temperature changes thus, slower the combustion of the Mg. As displayed at the bottom of all(prenominal) table, many an(prenominal) of the collected data were disposed as they were not valid. With many of the data remove the number of trials decreased along with the re liability.The precision of the data can be shown by the R2 on Graph 1. The R2 value represents the aright fit to which the range from 0.1 to 1. In this investigation, the R2 value is 0.0351 which indicates that the data was not accurate which in turn reveals that there was perhaps lack of precision. Which again adds the inaccuracy of the data that does not agree with the theoretical value of 1 1 to be imprecise.Overall, this investigation has provided data that is neither precise nor reliable collectible to the trials completed by group of researchers. Also, the empirical formula may have been bear on by the rounding of three decimal places. However, the rounding of the decimal places may not significantly affect the reliability of the experiment.Suggestion for ImprovementsAt the tooth root of the experiment, the Bunsen burner was not under the crucible andWe had to move the Bunsen burner presently under the crucible. Because of this it may have affected how much heat interact s with the magnesium. In a replication of this investigation it is advised that the Bunsen burner is to be located directly under the crucible. This should also be written in the system.A Major error in the experiment was that many of the trials at heart the crude data were removed do to the lack of validity. These were generally due to the bunk interpretation of mass or the mass had not been recorded. Because these errors came from having too many researchers doing each trial, perhaps having a smaller group of researcher will able to generate reliable results by reducing the random errors.The method required the lid to be lifted up quickly .However, due to infor a while the lifted was lifted up and not set down until after a few moments and the heat or magnesium oxide could have escaped from therefore affecting the results. And so, if this repeated the lifting of the lid should be constantly and quickly. Or, utilise a transparent crucible that allows the observation of the Mg but still containing the MgO.The window was open during the experiment which caused the loss of MgO due to the strength of the wind. To minimise the loss of MgO it would be recommended for the experiment to be conducted within a fume cupboard so that no wind could join on the loss of MgO when opening the lid or as stated forwards a transparent crucible would allow the observation of the Mg without the get hold of to open the lid of the crucible.